Lithium recovery from liquid stream

Methods and systems relating to the recovery of lithium (e.g., lithium salts) from a liquid stream are provided. In some embodiments, the methods involve obtaining lithium (e.g., as a solid lithium salt) by removing at least a portion of the liquid from the feed stream to form a concentrated stream with respect to dissolved lithium cations. Liquid removal may include delivering at least a portion of the feed stream to a permeation unit and/or a humidifier. Some methods include removing impurities (e.g., non-lithium cations) from the concentrated stream (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization). In some embodiments, a solution containing dissolved lithium cations and anions is electrochemically treated such that the dissolved first anion is substituted with a different second anion. In some embodiments, solid lithium salts containing at least a portion of second anions and lithium cations are obtained (e.g., via precipitation and/or crystallization after concentration of the electrochemically treated so