Track 3D geometrical morphology monitoring method and system based on machine vision

The invention relates to a track 3D geometric morphology monitoring method and system based on machine vision, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the continuous shooting of a monitoring track through a depth-of-field camera, marking an image at a first moment, intercepting a frame of image at an interval of a time period, converting a reference image and a monitoring image into a numerical matrix, and carrying out the recognition of the numerical matrix; and carrying out image digital processing on the numerical matrix, extracting and drawing a track boundary, obtaining a reference 3D geometric shape image and a monitoring 3D geometric shape image, and comparing the monitoring 3D geometric shape image with the reference 3D geometric shape image to obtain horizontal relative displacement and vertical relative displacement of the track at different moments. The system comprises a depth-of-field camera, a processing module, a display module and an alarm module. According to the invention, real-time