Austenitic steel residual stress detection method capable of correcting grain size difference

The invention relates to the technical field of residual stress detection, in particular to an austenitic steel residual stress detection method capable of correcting grain size difference, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a calibration sample which has the same specification as a sample to be detected and has different grain sizes, and acquiring a surface wave attenuation coefficient of the calibration sample and critical refraction longitudinal wave sound velocities in different stress states; further obtaining stress state functions under different grain sizes; and acquiring the surface wave attenuation coefficient and the critical refraction longitudinal wave sound velocity of the to-be-tested sample by using the pre-constructed ultrasonic excitation probe, and calculating according to the stress state function to obtain the residual stress value of the test area of the to-be-tested sample after microstructure correction. According to the austenitic steel residual stress detection method cap