Rapid analytic calibration method for vehicle-mounted inertial measurement unit odometer integrated navigation system

The invention provides a rapid analytic calibration method for a vehicle-mounted inertial measurement unit odometer integrated navigation system, which belongs to the technical field of positioning and orientating, and comprises the following steps: S1, binding initial positions; firstly, a geographic coordinate system is defined; before the analytic expression is calibrated, the vehicle is parked at a starting point, and the position error of the starting point is less than or equal to 100km; s2, initial alignment of the vehicle-mounted inertial measurement unit: adopting conventional initial alignment of several minutes or only adopting coarse alignment of 30-60 seconds; s3, de-noising the speedometer and calibrating an analytic expression; after the initial alignment of the vehicle-mounted inertial unit is finished, performing pure inertial navigation, and performing dead reckoning by using an attitude matrix of the pure inertial navigation and the denoised odometer output; and when the vehicle runs for a