Special vehicle and method for automatically supplementing train braking system with pressure air

The invention discloses a special vehicle and method for automatically supplementing train braking system pressure air. The special vehicle comprises an underframe, an equipment room, an air source system, a braking device and a coupler buffering device. The air source system is arranged in the equipment room, the equipment room is arranged on the bottom frame, the air source system is connected with a train braking system through the braking device, and the air source system can automatically start or stop an air compressor to work according to the air pressure change of a train pipe; on the basis of a railway wagon product technology platform, power generation and air supply equipment is innovatively integrated, power generation and air supply linkage is achieved, air compressor starting hierarchical control is carried out, locomotive operation can be effectively replaced during heavy haul train unloading operation, the requirement for relieving and supplementing pressure air of a train is met, and the tran