Self-supporting Zn-doped p-type copper-based semiconductor photocatalyst as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials, and provides a self-supporting Zn-doped p-type copper-based semiconductor photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and a Zn-doped in-situ growth Cu2-xSe nanoflower photocatalyst is rapidly, simply and conveniently synthesized through a simple one-step coprecipitation method. The invention provides a unique strategy, namely, in the self-growth process of the Cu2-xSe nanoflower, Zn ions are introduced into Cu2-xSe crystals, the energy band structure and the electronic structure of the Cu2-xSe crystals are regulated and controlled, recombination of photon-generated carriers is inhibited, and the selectivity of the Cu2-xSe nanoflower for photocatalytic reduction of CO2 into CH4 is effectively improved. After Zn ions are doped, the specific surface area and vacancy are increased, the adsorption of CO2 on Cu2-xSe is improved, and electron transfer and accumulation are promoted, so that an intermediate product is furth