Power quality disturbance data detection method and device based on compressed sensing

The invention discloses a power quality disturbance data detection method and device based on compressed sensing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original sampling signal, and acquiring an observation vector through a measurement matrix to realize signal compression; according to a fundamental wave filtering principle, separating a fundamental wave component and a harmonic wave component of the original signal; original signal reconstruction is carried out according to the proportion difference of harmonic components, when the harmonic components are more than a set condition, inner products of a sensing matrix and harmonic component observation vectors are arranged in a descending order, a slope curve is calculated, signal sparseness is estimated according to pole distribution of the slope curve, and a sparseness estimated value is used as an initial step length of an SAMP algorithm; carrying out iterative calculation by adopting a residual error ratio threshold value and a growth curv