Backpressure-adjustable throttling refrigerator

The backpressure-adjustable throttling refrigerator comprises a heat exchange flow channel, a throttling module and turbine blades, the heat exchange flow channel comprises a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section which are adjacently arranged, and the heat exchange flow channel is filled with a heat exchange working medium; a throttling nozzle used for communicating an outlet of the high-pressure section with an inlet of the low-pressure section is formed in the throttling module; and the turbine blade is rotatably arranged at the outlet of the low-pressure section. Due to the fact that the turbine blades are rotatably arranged on the low-pressure section, the heat exchange working medium pushes the turbine blades to do work when flowing through the turbine blades, pressure drop can be formed before and after the heat exchange working medium passes through the turbine blades, and due to the fact that the pressure after the turbine blades is constantly atmospheric pressure, the turbine blades do wor