Rapid preparation device and method for magnesium alloy hatch cover

The invention discloses a rapid preparation device for a magnesium alloy hatch cover. The device comprises a lower pressure head, a guide column, a positioning pin, a limiting pin, an upper pressure head, a pulse power supply, a current-conducting plate, a forming die upper die base, a forming die upper die insert, a magnesium alloy plate blank, a forming die lower die insert, a forming die lower die base and an electrode chuck, and shape follow-up cooling waterways are arranged in the forming die upper die and the forming die lower die. The invention further discloses a rapid preparation method of the magnesium alloy hatch cover, material forming is achieved in an electric assisting mode, cooling water is introduced into the conformal cooling water channel after forming, and pressure maintaining is conducted for a period of time. Compared with a traditional hot pressing forming mode, the machining efficiency is improved, the machining cost is reduced, and the mechanical property and the size precision of the