Ring optical resonator for generating and detecting millimeter wave or submillimeter wave electromagnetic radiation

The ring optical resonator and the one or more input optical waveguides are disposed on the substrate and disposed and positioned to establish an evanescent optical coupling therebetween. The ring optical resonator, the substrate, or both include one or more non-linear optical materials. In order to detect an electromagnetic signal of frequency vEM incident on the resonator, an input optical signal of frequency vIN propagates along the waveguide and around the resonator. The incident electromagnetic signal and the input optical signal produce one or more sideband optical signals at a corresponding optical sideband frequency vSF = vIN + vEM or vDF = vIN-vEM. To produce an electromagnetic signal propagating away from the resonator, an input optical signal at frequencies vIN1 and vIN2 propagates along the one or more waveguides and around the resonator and produces an associated electromagnetic signal at a frequency vEM = vIN1-vIN2. 环形光学谐振器和一个或多个输入光波导被设置在衬底上，并且被设置和定位以在它们之间建立消逝光学耦合。环形光学谐振器、衬底或以上两者包括一种或多种非线性光学材料。为