Automatic control system and method for telescopic hook and buffer device

The invention relates to an automatic control system and method for a telescopic coupler buffer device, which are used for coupler control. The control system comprises a locking electric cylinder, a telescopic electric cylinder, a mechanical car coupler uncoupling electric cylinder, an electric car coupler telescopic electric cylinder and a controller, the telescopic electric cylinder and the locking electric cylinder are both installed on a telescopic rod of the mechanical car coupler, the uncoupling electric cylinder is arranged at the position of a coupler head of the mechanical car coupler, and the electric car coupler telescopic electric cylinder is arranged on the electric car coupler. Each electric cylinder is provided with a sensor for detecting the state of the electric cylinder, and the controller collects the state of each sensor, communicates with each electric cylinder and outputs a control signal for the electric cylinder; full-automatic control over the whole process of stretching, locking, co