Deformation measuring device and method suitable for force thermal load consolidation test

The invention provides a deformation measuring device and method suitable for a force thermal load consolidation test. According to the deformation measuring device suitable for the force thermal load consolidation test and the test unit, the test unit comprises a control unit, a base arranged in the cabinet, a test barrel arranged at the upper end of the base and a loading cylinder arranged on the cabinet and corresponding to the test barrel, and the upper end of the test barrel is covered with an upper cover assembly. The upper cover assembly and the base are both provided with a water supplementing unit and a sensor which are communicated with the interior of the test barrel. The barrel wall of the test barrel is provided with a measuring unit communicated with the interior of the test barrel. The loading cylinder is arranged opposite to the upper cover assembly; and the control unit is electrically connected with the loading cylinder, the water replenishing unit and the heating unit respectively. The inve