Self-adjusting damping shock absorption system applied to jacket offshore platform and adjusting method

The invention provides a self-adjusting damping shock absorption system applied to a jacket offshore platform and an adjusting method. The self-adjusting damping shock absorption system comprises an underwater vertical pipe used for transporting materials, the outer side of the upper end of the underwater vertical pipe is fixedly sleeved with a tension connector, and a tensioner is installed on the outer side of the tension connector; the tensioner comprises a magnetic current end connected to the outer side of the tension connector in a sleeving mode, the magnetic current end comprises a plurality of lifting gears which are meshed with the outer wall of the tension connector at different heights, and magnetic current pressure regulating mechanisms are arranged in the lifting gears and used for controlling driving force of the lifting gears. The lifting gear is movably connected with the top end of an expansion piece used for enabling the lifting gear to move up and down, and the bottom end of the expansion p