Preparation method of cellulose-based carbon aerogel membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cell

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cellulose-based carbon aerogel membrane for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: mixing absolutely dry cotton linter with a NaOH solution, and reacting at room temperature to obtain a sodium cellulose solution; and adding CS2 into a sodium cellulose solution to react to obtain cellulose sulfonate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water into cellulose sulfonate, mixing, then adding nanocellulose and copper nanoparticles, pouring the obtained solution into a film preparation mold, then putting the mold into a drying oven to form a regeneration reaction, sufficiently rinsing the obtained cellulose gel with hot water after the reaction, and drying to obtain the cellulose sulfonate film. Quickly freezing the rinsed cellulose gel film in liquid nitrogen, then freeze-drying, and finally carbonizing the freeze-dried cellulose aerogel in a tubular furnace to obtain the cellulose-based carbon aerogel film