Quick-setting ultrahigh-water cemented filling and fire preventing and extinguishing material as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a quick-setting ultrahigh-water cemented filling and fire preventing and extinguishing material, a preparation method and application, the quick-setting ultrahigh-water cemented filling and fire preventing and extinguishing material comprises a component A and a component B. The component A comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of sulphoaluminate cement, 30-35% of bauxite, 15-25% of calcium sulphoaluminate, 1-4% of a retarder, 2-3% of borax, 0.5-1% of an alkali swelling thickener and 1-5% of sodium lignin sulfonate; and the component B comprises 55-70% of gypsum, 15-25% of lime, 4-12% of a quick-setting early strength agent, 1-2% of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 5-7% of guar gum. The filling and fire preventing and extinguishing material can achieve initial setting within 1-10 min under the condition of a high water cement ratio, is high in water fixation rate, has certain compression resistance and bearing performance, overcomes the defects that an