Thermoelectric energy storage system based on ADRC-PI double closed loops and control method

The invention discloses a thermoelectric energy storage system based on ADRC-PI double closed loops. The thermoelectric energy storage system comprises a thermoelectric power generation unit, a super capacitor energy storage unit, a power detection unit, an ADRC-PI calculation control unit and a DC-DC charging unit. The thermoelectric power generation unit is bonded to the surface of a heat source end shell, meanwhile, the power detection unit is connected with the ADRC-PI calculation control unit, collected circuit signals are transmitted to the ADRC-PI calculation control unit for control calculation, accurate control over charging current by a PI current loop serves as an inner loop, ADRC control voltage serves as an outer loop, and the temperature difference power generation unit is connected with the ADRC-PI calculation control unit. The fluctuation voltage condition of thermoelectric power generation is tracked and fitted, and then PWM is output to control the DC-DC charging unit to charge the super cap