Method for preparing normal aldehyde through alpha-olefin hydroformylation

The invention provides a method for preparing normal aldehyde through hydroformylation of alpha-olefin, a preparation method of a heterogeneous catalyst, a heterogeneous catalyst composition and application of the heterogeneous catalyst composition to preparation of normal aldehyde through hydroformylation reaction of alpha-olefin. The invention also relates to the use of the catalyst for increasing the normal/isomeric ratio of normal aldehyde to isomeric aldehyde in an aldehyde product prepared by hydroformylation of alpha-olefin to 70 or more. According to the normal aldehyde preparation method disclosed by the invention, the ligand for modifying the catalyst is mixed with the solvent, the catalyst and the reaction raw materials, and the catalyst modification and the catalytic reaction are synchronously carried out in the reaction process, so that the defect that the catalytic ligand is easy to fall off in the conventional process is avoided, and high n-iso-ratio product distribution and high straight-chain