Biological characteristic authentication method based on online and offline Paillier homomorphic encryption

The invention provides a biological characteristic authentication method based on online and offline Paillier homomorphic encryption. The method mainly solves the problems that an existing biological characteristic authentication method is high in authentication time delay, a matching score is leaked to a user and a server, and privacy data is leaked. The method comprises the following steps: generating a public key and a private key of each user; auxiliary data are generated in an off-line mode; sending the user ID and the encrypted biological feature vector to a server to complete registration; the ID of the user to be authenticated and the encrypted biological feature vector are sent to a server, the server and the user jointly generate a knowledge proof vector, and an authentication result obtained according to the knowledge proof vector is returned to the user. The method can prevent the biological feature matching score from being leaked to the user and the server, improves the safety, reduces the authe