Novel standard component for calibration of complex curved surface measurement system and calibration method

The invention discloses a novel standard component for calibration of a complex curved surface measurement system and a calibration method, and belongs to the technical field of precision testing technologies and instruments. The standard component integrates four characteristics of an outer cylindrical surface I, a plane, a spherical surface III and a semicircular groove II, adopts a mode of mixing a conical hole and an inner hole, can be clamped by two modes of inner supporting and outer clamping of a three-jaw chuck, also meets the clamping of an opposite top mounting mechanism, and is simultaneously suitable for a contact type measurement system and a non-contact type measurement system according to basic characteristics. Redundant feature information is fully utilized, so that the accuracy of a calibration result is improved. According to the calibration method, a calibration system framework is established, a least square method is used for point cloud data collected by a measuring head to solve space p