Hard rock non-blasting excavation device and method

The invention relates to a hard rock non-blasting excavation device and method. The hard rock non-blasting excavation device comprises a drill bit, a drill rod and a splitting mechanism. The splitting mechanism comprises a first driving assembly, a second driving assembly and an expansion assembly, the first driving assembly, the second driving assembly and the expansion assembly are rotationally arranged on the drill rod in a sleeving mode, the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly are both connected with the expansion assembly, and the first driving assembly can drive the expansion assembly to expand or contract in the radial direction of the drill rod; the second driving assembly can drive the expansion assembly to move in the axial direction of the drill rod. When the expansion assembly is in the expansion state, the maximum vertical distance from the central axis of the drill rod to the outer side face of the expansion assembly is larger than the diameter of the drill bit. When the expan