Ice region ship heat energy circulation system and ice region ship

The invention discloses an ice region ship heat energy circulation system and an ice region ship, the ice region ship heat energy circulation system comprises a heat supply assembly and a heat exchange assembly, the heat supply assembly comprises a distributor, a collector, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, the heat exchange assembly comprises a heat exchanger, and the collector, the first pipeline, the heat exchanger, the second pipeline and the distributor are communicated in sequence. The collector recovers cold anti-freezing liquid from the external heat preservation pipeline, the heat exchanger is used for increasing the temperature of the anti-freezing liquid, the distributor outputs hot anti-freezing liquid to the external heat preservation pipeline, a first pump body and a descaling instrument are arranged on the second pipeline, the descaling instrument is arranged at the end, close to the collector, of the first pump body, and the anti-freezing liquid is ethylene glycol solution. The anti-free