Model test device and test method for simulating construction of tunnels with different clear distances

The invention discloses a model test device and test method for simulating different clear distance tunnel construction, and the device comprises a box body, the box body is provided with first tunnel holes and second tunnel adjusting holes, each second tunnel adjusting hole is provided with a second tunnel translation block, and the two second tunnel translation blocks are correspondingly provided with second tunnel holes; a rack part is arranged at the bottom of the second tunnel translation block, a translation driving mechanism is arranged below the rack part, shaft rod sliding grooves are formed in the upper side and the lower side of the second tunnel adjusting hole correspondingly, and two sliding shaft rods are arranged in each shaft rod sliding groove. According to the test device and the test method, the optimal clear distance of the adjacent tunnel can be obtained through test simulation, and long-term research in the construction period or the operation period of the adjacent tunnel can be achieve