Center through cable drill rod based on light transmission and data transmission system thereof

The invention provides a center through cable drill rod based on light transmission and a data transmission system thereof, and relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, the center through cable drill rod comprises a plurality of segmented drill rod bodies, the drill rod bodies are connected through sealing measures, and the interior of each drill rod body comprises a light signal receiving module, a light signal sending module and a power management module; the optical signal receiving module and the optical signal sending module are connected through a wire, and the power management module is respectively connected with the optical signal receiving module and the optical signal sending module. Optical signals are used at the drill rod connector to replace electric signals, normal work can be achieved even under the vibration working condition, and stability is higher; in addition, the optical signal is not sensitive to liquid inlet at the joint, so that the requirement on sealing performance is