Discontinuous reference grating guide rail integrated linear motion measurement system and method

The invention discloses a discontinuous reference grating guide rail integrated linear motion measurement system and method. The system comprises a grating guide rail with a through hole, a reading body, a data processing module and an upper computer. A plurality of sections of gratings are engraved on the grating guide rail; the reading body is mounted on the sliding block; the reading body comprises two to four reading heads which are in rigid connection. The data processing module adopts an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) chip as a master control, decodes and processes the coded data output by the reading body, sends a real-time continuous feedback signal to a numerical control system and sends position information to an upper computer through a serial port, and the upper computer displays the data and sends a command to the data processing module through the serial port. According to the measuring system, the grating is directly carved on the guide rail, so that the technical problem that an Abbe err