Prestress self-balancing anchoring system capable of controlling swelling rock tunnel heaving floor deformation

The invention discloses a prestress self-balancing anchoring system capable of controlling swelling rock tunnel heaving floor deformation, which comprises a beryllium copper prestress anchor rod and a prestress control system, the beryllium copper prestress anchor rod comprises a friction cone, a rod body, a beryllium copper anchor rod shell, a prestress control device, a soil pressure sensor and an optical fiber sensor; the prestress control system comprises a surrounding rock deformation processing unit, a display unit and a prestress control device. The method comprises the following implementation steps that (1) the pre-stress size is preliminarily determined according to the geological exploration condition, and the beryllium copper anchor rod with a certain pre-stress is manufactured; 2) driving the pre-stressed anchor rod into the surrounding rock; (3) grouting; (4) when the surrounding rock pressure exceeds a threshold value, the anchor rods are thinned through the structural characteristics of the an