Fiber grating soil pressure sensor and monitoring system

The invention relates to a fiber bragg grating soil pressure sensor and a monitoring system, the fiber bragg grating soil pressure sensor comprises a shell, a top cover, an elastic sheet combination, a measuring optical fiber and an optical cable, the shell comprises a shell, and the elastic sheet combination is fixed in an inner cavity of the shell; the two ends of the measuring optical fiber are fixedly connected with the elastic sheet combinations respectively; the top cover comprises a cover plate and a force transmission block, and the cover plate is fixed to the top of the shell and used for sealing an inner cavity of the shell. The force transmission block is used for being in contact with the elastic piece combination to transmit pressure, and when the pressure is transmitted, the elastic piece combination transmits pulling force in different directions to the two ends of the measuring optical fiber; a transmission optical fiber is wrapped in the optical cable, fiber cores of the transmission optical