Preparation and application method of in-situ self-optimization atomic-scale copper catalyst

The invention relates to the field of electro-catalysis energy storage, and aims to provide a preparation method and an application method of an in-situ self-optimization atomic-scale copper catalyst. Comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing a nitrogen source, a carbon source and copper nitrate, and carrying out gradient heating continuous heat treatment in an inert atmosphere; and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a black powdery catalyst product. The catalyst provided by the invention has high-efficiency NtrRR catalytic activity and selectivity, and can realize the high-efficiency function of a NO3 -Zn battery. A gradient pyrolysis one-pot preparation process is free of tedious steps such as pretreatment and post-treatment pickling, and is more suitable for large-scale industrial production; and the used precursor raw material is rich in reserves, low in cost and suitable for industrial production. After a NO3 -Zn battery system is assembled with a zinc sheet, efficient ammonia s