System and method for testing dynamic fracture toughness of bionic composite material

The invention discloses a system and a method for testing the dynamic fracture toughness of a bionic composite material, and belongs to the field of material dynamic mechanics experiments. The test system comprises a speed control system, a separated Hopkinson rod device and a bionic composite material test sample, the separated Hopkinson rod device comprises a bullet, an incident rod and a test fixture, the bullet and the incident rod have the same diameter, and the bullet, the incident rod and the test fixture are made of the same material; when the test fixture is used, a test sample is placed on the test fixture, the test sample is fixed through the two chucks, the test sample is in contact with the bottom surfaces of the chucks, the wedge-shaped punch of the incident bar is attached to the test sample, and the punch is perpendicular to the span direction of the test sample; a strain gauge is pasted at the 1/3 length position of the incident bar, the bullet strikes the incident bar, and the strain gauge c