Catalyst for preparing 1-decene through dehydration of n-decanol as well as preparation and application of catalyst

The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing 1-decene through dehydration of n-decanol and a preparation method of the catalyst, the composition of the catalyst is (Al2O3-coated SiO2)/SiO2, and in macroporous SiO2, a high-toughness silica gel mediating dehydration active component nano Al2O3 particles are assembled in a SiO2 pore channel. The catalyst provided by the invention shows excellent catalytic activity, selectivity of a target product 1-decene and long-period stability in a reaction for preparing the 1-decene through dehydration of n-decanol, and has a wide application prospect. 本发明公开了一种用于正癸醇脱水制1-癸烯的催化剂及其制备方法，该催化剂组成为(Al2O3@SiO2)/SiO2，在大孔SiO2中，高韧性硅凝胶介导脱水活性组分纳米Al2O3颗粒组装在SiO2孔道中。本发明所提供的催化剂在正癸醇脱水制1-癸烯反应中，表现出优异的催化活性、目标产物1-癸烯选择性和长周期稳定性，具有广阔的应用前景。