Compressed gas energy storage and carbon dioxide capture coupling method

The invention provides a compressed gas energy storage and carbon dioxide capture coupling method, which comprises the following steps: pressurizing and cooling carbon dioxide-containing gas to enable carbon dioxide to reach a liquefied state to obtain a gas-liquid mixture, carrying out gas-liquid separation on the gas-liquid mixture to separate liquid carbon dioxide and compressed gas, and the two are respectively conveyed into a carbon dioxide container and a compressed gas energy storage container. By utilizing the technical characteristic that gas must be pressurized to a certain pressure (generally higher than the critical pressure of carbon dioxide) in gas energy storage power generation, the pressurizing process is used as a link for capturing carbon dioxide by utilizing the critical state of carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide can be captured while gas energy storage is performed; the carbon dioxide trapping cost is greatly reduced, and conditions are provided for geological storage commercializati