Downhole low-power-consumption coding and decoding data transmission method and system

The invention discloses an underground low-power-consumption coding and decoding data transmission method and system. A while-drilling inclinometry device judges whether the while-drilling inclinometry device enters a working state or not according to well drilling pump starting time; after the pump enters the working state, well deviation measurement and temperature measurement are carried out when the pump is stopped; after the pump is started for a certain time, coded pulses are sent to ground equipment, and the sending time interval T of the first coded pulse and the second coded pulse is calculated according to the measured well deviation data and a set rule; the ground equipment continuously monitors the pump pressure after the pump is started for a certain time, timing is started after the waveform of the first pressure change is detected, timing is ended after the waveform of the second pressure change is detected, and the time difference T of the two waveforms is obtained; and performing well deviati