Opening ratio adjusting device, cutter head and method

The invention provides an aperture ratio adjusting device, a cutterhead and a method, relates to the field of cutterheads of shield tunneling machines, and aims to solve the problem that the aperture ratio adjusting device cannot meet the cooling requirements of the cutterhead in different running states in the running process of the cutterhead at present. The two cooling cavities are communicated, the liquid inlet is formed in one cooling cavity, and the flow path of cooling liquid in the cylinder cover is adjusted by adjusting the opening, closing and opening degree of the liquid outlet through the control valve, so that the cooling state of the cooling cavities to different positions of the cylinder cover is changed, and the requirements of the cutter head in different operation states are met. 本发明提供一种开口率调节装置、刀盘及方法，涉及盾构机刀盘领域，针对目前刀盘运行过程中开口率调节装置无法满足刀盘不同运行状态冷却需求的问题，对气缸盖内两个冷却腔分别设置出液口并配合控制阀，使两个冷却腔连通并将进液口布置在一个冷却腔上，通过控制阀对出液口启闭、开度的调整，实现冷却液在气缸盖内的流动路径的调整，从而改变冷却腔对气缸盖不同位置的冷却状态，适应刀盘不同运行状态时的需求。