Soilless culture substrate special for solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables and preparation method of soilless culture substrate

The embodiment of the invention discloses a soilless culture substrate special for solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables and a preparation method of the soilless culture substrate. The soilless culture substrate is prepared from, by volume, 45% of fermented mushroom residues, 35% of vermiculite and 20% of pumice, and a preparation method of the fermented mushroom residues comprises the steps that high-temperature steam treatment is conducted on agaricus bisporus residues before the agaricus bisporus residues come out of a mushroom house, and then the agaricus bisporus residues and chicken manure are subjected to stack retting fermentation. The soilless culture substrate special for solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables is wide in raw material source, the ecological environment can be improved, environmental pollution is reduced, the production cost is reduced, the ecological virtuous cycle is achieved, and sustainable development of ecological agriculture is facilitated; meanwhile, the organic fer