Drug-loaded nanoparticles targeting nasopharyngeal tumor cells as well as preparation method and application of drug-loaded nanoparticles

The invention provides a drug-loaded nanoparticle targeting nasopharyngeal tumor cells and a preparation method and application thereof.The drug-loaded nanoparticle comprises a DNA tetrahedron, a nucleic acid aptamer S3 and an anti-tumor drug, the DNA tetrahedron is formed by complementarily pairing four single-stranded DNAs, the DNA tetrahedron entraps the anti-tumor drug, and the nucleic acid aptamer S3 is formed by complementarily pairing four single-stranded DNAs. The nucleic acid aptamer S3 is connected to the DNA tetrahedron through base complementary pairing, and the nucleotide sequence of the nucleic acid aptamer S3 is as shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. According to the drug-loaded nanoparticle, the nucleic acid aptamer S3 can specifically target heterogeneity nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and nasopharyngeal carcinoma stem cells at the same time, adriamycin is loaded to the S3 modified DNA tetrahedron, the obtained drug-loaded nanoparticle can target and kill the heterogeneity nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells a