Dimension-adjustable carbon dots as well as synthesis method and application thereof

The invention relates to a size-adjustable carbon dot and a synthesis method and application thereof.The synthesis method comprises the steps that firstly, a core-shell six-arm two-block star copolymer with the core being polyglucose methacrylate and the shell being methyl methacrylate is synthesized through an atom transfer radical polymerization method; the molecular weight is accurately controlled through ATRP design; then, the synthesized star-shaped block polymer is used as a precursor, PGMA inner chains are selectively carbonized, and the hair-shaped carbon dots with PMMA chain segments on the surfaces are generated. In the carbonization process, the purpose of one-to-one conversion of precursor macromolecules into the carbon dots in a single-molecule micelle mode is achieved by means of wrapping protection of a peripheral chain segment on an inner core, a synthesis strategy for synthesizing the size-controllable carbon dots with the polymer as the precursor is successfully developed, and a series of si