Rare earth nickel oxide electronic phase change semiconductor methane synthesis catalyst and use method thereof

The invention provides a rare earth nickel oxide electronic phase change semiconductor methane synthesis catalyst and a use method thereof, aims to realize methane synthesis catalysis by taking carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen as reaction gases, and belongs to the field of chemical engineering and materials. The catalyst is a rare earth nickel-based oxide with a twisted perovskite structure and a hydrogen-induced electron phase change characteristic, a rare earth site is composed of a single rare earth element or a combination of multiple rare earth elements, and the rare earth site and nickel at an active site are highly dispersed on an atomic level, so that the catalyst shows the characteristics of high thermal stability and high efficiency in a methane synthesis process; the catalyst is high in high-temperature resistance and not prone to carbon deposition. The methane synthesis efficiency is regulated and controlled by adjusting the material components, the material form, the material size, th