Rail surface damage detection method and system based on 3D point cloud segmentation and medium

The invention discloses a rail surface damage detection method and system based on 3D point cloud segmentation and a medium, and can be applied to the technical field of workpiece damage detection. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a first workpiece image acquired by an internet access camera; preprocessing the first workpiece image to obtain a first feature pixel image, the preprocessing including background removal and pixel statistics; obtaining rail point number feature data of the first feature pixel image; performing point cloud segmentation on the rail point feature data to obtain rail dominant point cloud feature data and point cloud feature data needing to be reconstructed; and carrying out rail surface damage detection according to the rail dominant point cloud feature data and the point cloud feature data needing to be reconstructed. The rail surface damage detection can be effectively and accurately completed without contact detection on the rail, and the detection effect and the