Simulation test device and method for steel rail wheel-rail contact fatigue damage under static and dynamic loads

The invention relates to a simulation test device and method for wheel-rail contact fatigue damage of a steel rail under static and dynamic loads. The simulation test device comprises a base, a lead screw transmission module, an anti-collision cushion block, a guide rail sliding block and a steel rail clamping module, wherein the lead screw transmission module is used for providing reciprocating power for wheels to carry out a wheel-rail contact impact fatigue test; the lead screw transmission module and the steel rail clamping module are installed on the base. The screw rod transmission module comprises a supporting seat, a screw rod and a power module which are fixedly mounted on the base through bolts, a fixed seat fixedly mounted on the base through bolts, a coupling for connecting the screw rod and a servo motor, and the servo motor. The method is used for researching steel rail abrasion and rolling contact fatigue damage, and provides theoretical and experimental support for researching the relation bet