Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioner

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent household appliances, and discloses a method for controlling an air conditioner, under the conditions that the air conditioner is in a refrigeration operation mode and protection shutdown occurs, the method comprises the steps that the temperature change speed of the environment where an outdoor unit is located within a preset time period before the air conditioner is shut down is calculated; the initial valve opening of an electronic valve, the target frequency of a compressor and the target rotating speed of an outer fan are determined according to the temperature change speed; controlling the air conditioner to operate according to the initial valve opening of the electronic valve, the target frequency of the compressor and the target rotating speed of the outer fan; wherein the initial valve opening of the electronic valve is positively correlated with the temperature change speed, the target frequency of the compressor is negatively correlated w