Test device and test method for extruding and crushing discrete material under action of external load

The invention discloses a test device and a test method for extruding and crushing a bulk material under the action of an external load. The test device comprises a sample loading chamber, an upper bearing plate, a device shell, a pull rod type displacement sensor, a pressure sensor and an organic glass plate. The first side wall and the first bottom plate are provided with through holes, and force transmission pistons with the same size are embedded in the through holes. The device shell comprises a second side wall and a second bottom plate, a plurality of pressure sensors are welded on the second side wall and the second bottom plate, the top surfaces of the pressure sensors are in contact with the force transmission piston of the sample loading chamber, and the axes of the pressure sensors coincide with the force transmission piston; the second side wall of the device is provided with a data line connecting panel for data transmission of sensors in the device. According to the invention, the extrusion and