Heteropolyacid (salt) Zr-MOFs catalyst, preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a preparation method of a heteropolyacid (salt) Zr-MOFs catalyst, and relates to the technical field of catalytic chemistry, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving an organic ligand and zirconium tetrachloride in N, N-dimethylformamide, adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, a cosolvent and heteropolyacid (salt), and carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the solid is dissolved; placing the mixed solution in a supercritical medium environment, heating and pressurizing to enable the system to reach a supercritical condition and lasts for 2-10 hours, and then cooling, decompressing and discharging to obtain a catalyst crude product; washing, centrifugally separating and drying the crude product of the catalyst to finally obtain the heteropolyacid (salt) Zr-MOFs catalyst, and the method is simple and convenient to operate, low in reaction temperature, short in reaction time, uniform in active component dispersion, high in catalytic activity and high in reusa