Spacecraft cabin girth welding cooling device and method

The invention discloses a spacecraft cabin girth welding cooling device and method. The spacecraft cabin girth welding cooling device comprises a cooling shell (1) and a sealing ring (4). Wherein the cooling shell (1) is an annular shell, the inner diameter of the cooling shell (1) is larger than the outer diameter of a spacecraft cabin column section (5), the cooling shell (1) is arranged on the outer side of the cabin column section (5) in a sleeving mode, the cooling shell (1) and the cabin column section (5) are coaxially and fixedly placed, and a gap exists between the cooling shell (1) and the cabin column section (5). Sealing rings (4) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side in a gap between the cooling shell (1) and the cabin column section (5); the inner wall of the cooling shell (1), the outer wall of the cabin column section (5) and the upper and lower sealing rings (4) form a space for accommodating a cooling medium, and the cooling shell (1) corresponding to the space area is provided w