Low-noise receiving and high-precision phase measurement system and method for microwave ranging signals

The invention relates to a low-noise receiving and high-precision phase measurement system and method for microwave ranging signals. The system comprises an antenna, a microwave transceiving channel and a sampling processing terminal, wherein the antenna is provided with an orthogonal mode coupler (OMT); the microwave transceiving channel comprises a low noise amplifier (LNA), a quadrature mixer and a filter amplifier; the sampling processing terminal comprises an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) module, a numerical control oscillator (NCO) module, an orthogonal digital mixing and image frequency cancellation module, an integral cleaning module, a loop filtering module and a phase observation quantity generator module. According to the invention, emission signal interference suppression and image frequency noise elimination are realized, and the problems of high-performance receiving and high-precision phase measurement of such signals are solved. 本发明涉及一种微波测距信号的低噪声接收高精度相位测量系统及方法，该系统包括：配置正交模耦合器OMT的天线、微波收发信道以及