Porous clay-based modified charcoal composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a porous clay-based modified biochar composite material and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that biomass, clay minerals and an activating agent serve as raw materials, the biomass, the clay minerals and the activating agent are mixed and then added into a ball mill to be ground, a clay mineral substance-biomass solid mixture is obtained, the solid mixture is subjected to one-step pyrolysis carbonization in an inert gas environment, and the porous clay-based modified biochar composite material is obtained; the method has the advantages that the operation is simple and convenient, the secondary pollution is avoided, and the energy source can be saved; the porous clay-based modified charcoal composite material disclosed by the invention is obtained by adopting the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the adsorption efficiency of removing lead, cadmium and arsenic in wastewater reaches 98% or above, the effectiveness of redu