Early warning method and device for preventing external damage by using optical cable, equipment and storage medium

The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber sensing detection, and discloses an external damage prevention early warning method, an external damage prevention early warning device, external damage prevention early warning equipment and a storage medium by using an optical cable, and the method comprises the following steps: analyzing backward Rayleigh scattering light intensity data of backward Rayleigh scattering light signals returned by N continuous detection light pulse periods; and analyzing frequency domain information, spatial domain information and time domain information of the optical cable based on the backward Rayleigh scattering light intensity data, identifying intrusion events and abnormal distribution of each defense area of the optical cable based on the frequency domain information, the spatial domain information and the time domain information, and performing early warning based on the intrusion events and the abnormal distribution of each defense area. On the basis of fre