Distributed once-through cooling structure for waste gas energy recovery of vertical shaft engine

The invention provides a vertical shaft engine waste gas energy recovery distributed once-through cooling structure which comprises an exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure and a smoke exhaust pipe which are arranged on an engine body, an exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure and a cylinder cover installed on one side of the exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure, and the exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure communicates with the smoke exhaust pipe. Engine body waste gas of the engine is exhausted into the external environment sequentially through the exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure and the smoke exhaust pipe, a first water cavity is formed in the side wall of the exhaust pipe and volute integrated structure, a second water cavity is formed in the side wall of the smoke exhaust pipe, and the first water cavity and the second water cavity are filled with liquid media. The engine body waste gas of the engine can exchange heat with the liquid medium. According to the once