Water turbine primary frequency modulation control method and system based on self-adaptive control characteristics

The invention discloses a water turbine primary frequency modulation control method based on self-adaptive control characteristics. The method comprises the steps that a water turbine governor model is established; writing the historical operation curve or the preset theoretical curve of the unit into a three-dimensional curve function library comprising the water head, the opening degree and the power of the water turbine; when a frequency modulation instruction is received, determining a primary frequency modulation power variation instruction based on the water turbine governor model, and dividing the primary frequency modulation power variation instruction into a first instruction and a second instruction; on the basis of the first instruction, according to the current three-dimensional curve function, the guide vane opening variable quantity delta GV1 is obtained; superposing the second instruction to a power PID inlet to obtain an actuating mechanism variation component delta GV2; according to the delta