Keggin type vanadium-substituted quaternary heteropolyacid electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction material as well as preparation method and application of Keggin type vanadium-substituted quaternary heteropolyacid electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction material

The invention discloses a Keggin type vanadium-substituted quaternary heteropolyacid electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of preparation of CO and C2 + liquid phase products by electrocatalytic CO2 reduction. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that most of the existing heteropolyacid electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction materials are limited to a binary or ternary system in an organic solvent, and the faraday efficiency of a C2 + product is not high. The vanadium substituted quaternary heteropolyacid prepared by the method comprises the following steps: preparing PVMoW10O40 or PV2MoW9O40; the prepared heteropolyacid is dissolved in solvent water to serve as electrolyte for CO2 reduction reaction in an electrolytic tank, and a gas-phase product CO and C2 < + > liquid-phase products acetic acid and ethyl alcohol are obtained. According to the method, quaternary heteropolyacid is applied to cataly