Multi-source big data-based population distribution identification method

The invention discloses a population distribution identification method based on multi-source big data, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining statistical data, vector data and raster data of a certain city, and carrying out the preprocessing of the data, so as to obtain the preprocessed unified coordinate system data; and inputting the obtained Baidu thermodynamic diagram, residence POI data, building contour data and remote sensing image data into a trained residential area population identification model to obtain urban residential area population distribution. Inputting the obtained economic development level data, population statistical data of urban districts/counties and streets, road vector data and land utilization data into a trained multi-factor fusion model to obtain population distribution influence factors and coefficients thereof; and obtaining non-urban population distribution and urban non-residential population distribution according to the population distribution influence factors an