Drilling equipment for comprehensive research and judgment of tunnel surrounding rock and research and judgment method

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel surrounding rock construction, and particularly relates to drilling equipment for tunnel surrounding rock comprehensive study and judgment and a study and judgment method.The drilling equipment comprises a front fixing ring, a middle fixing ring and a rear fixing ring which are installed on the inner wall of a tunnel drill hole, and fixing mechanisms are arranged on the outer surfaces of the front fixing ring, the middle fixing ring and the rear fixing ring; and the fixing mechanism comprises a first hydraulic cylinder and a fixing disc. According to the drilling equipment for comprehensive study and judgment of the tunnel surrounding rock and the study and judgment method, the tunnel is comprehensively studied and judged in a segmented mode through three tunnel advanced geological pre-methods including the geological radar, the high-definition camera and the drill bit advanced drilling, the geological condition of each segment of the tunnel is relatively